A mammogram is a specialized X-ray of the breast used to detect early signs of breast cancer. It's a crucial tool for screening, especially for women over 40, and can also be used diagnostically if symptoms are present. During a mammogram, the breast is compressed between two plates to flatten the tissue, allowing for clearer images.

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What is it?
  • A mammogram is an X-ray examination of the breast.
  • It's used to detect breast cancer and other breast abnormalities.
  • There are two main types: screening mammograms (for those without symptoms) and diagnostic mammograms (for those with symptoms or specific concerns). 
Why is it done?
  • Early Detection:
    Mammograms can find breast cancer before it's large enough to feel or cause symptoms, increasing the chances of successful treatment. 
  • Screening:
    They are recommended for women over 40 as part of routine breast cancer screening. 
  • Diagnosis:
    They can help diagnose the cause of breast symptoms like lumps, pain, or nipple discharge. 
  • Monitoring:
    Mammograms can also be used to monitor known breast abnormalities or after breast cancer treatment. 
What does the procedure involve?
  • Positioning: You will stand facing an X-ray machine, and your breast will be placed on a platform. 
  • Compression: A clear plastic plate will gently compress your breast against the platform for a few seconds. 
  • X-ray: An X-ray beam will pass through your breast to create an image. 
  • Repeat: This process is repeated for each breast, and multiple views may be taken. 
What are the risks?
  • Radiation Exposure:
    Mammograms use a small amount of radiation, but the risk of harm is very low, according to the CDC. 
  • False Results:
    Mammograms can sometimes show something that looks abnormal but isn't cancer (false positive), or miss cancer (false negative). 
  • Discomfort:
    Some women experience temporary discomfort or pain from the breast compression, according to the Mayo Clinic. 
Who should get a mammogram? 
  • The American Cancer Society and the United States Preventive Services Task Force recommend that women begin screening mammograms at age 40. 
  • Women with a family history of breast cancer, dense breast tissue, or specific symptoms may need to start screening earlier or have more frequent mammograms. 
When to schedule a mammogram?

  • It's best to schedule your mammogram when your breasts are not tender, such as a week after your period.
  • Avoid wearing deodorant, perfume, lotion, or body powder on the day of your appointment.


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