USG Neck – Ultrasound of the Neck A USG (Ultrasound) of the Neck is a non-invasive imaging test used to examine the structures of the neck, including thyroid, parathyroid, lymph nodes, blood vessels, and soft tissues. It helps in detecting abnormalities, infections, or tumors.

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📌 Purpose / Indications

A neck ultrasound is recommended for:

  1. Thyroid evaluation: Detect nodules, cysts, enlargement (goiter), or thyroiditis.

  2. Parathyroid assessment: Identify adenomas or enlargement.

  3. Lymph nodes: Detect enlargement, inflammation, or malignancy.

  4. Salivary glands: Evaluate stones, infections, or tumors.

  5. Neck masses or lumps: Determine size, location, and characteristics.

  6. Blood vessels: Examine carotid arteries for narrowing or plaque (Doppler study).

🩻 Procedure

  • Preparation: Usually none, though sometimes fasting may be requested if vascular study is needed.

  • Positioning: Patient lies on their back with neck slightly extended.

  • Technique: A transducer (probe) is moved over the neck area with gel to obtain images.

  • Duration: Typically 15–30 minutes.

🩺 Findings

A neck USG can identify:

  • Thyroid nodules (solid or cystic)

  • Goiter or thyroid enlargement

  • Parathyroid adenomas

  • Enlarged lymph nodes or suspicious masses

  • Salivary gland stones or tumors

  • Vascular abnormalities (like carotid artery plaque)

🌟 Advantages

  • Non-invasive and painless

  • No radiation exposure (safe during pregnancy)

  • Real-time imaging for guidance in biopsies

  • Quick and widely available

⚠️ Limitations

  • Cannot penetrate bone or air-filled structures, so not suitable for deep throat or trachea assessment.

  • May not detect very small lesions; sometimes CT or MRI is needed for detailed evaluation.

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